How often should men perform testicular self-examinations?
Understanding your body is a fundamental aspect of maintaining good health. For men, this includes being familiar with the normal feel and appearance of their testicles. Testicular self-examinations (TSEs) are a simple yet crucial practice for early detection of abnormalities, most notably testicular cancer, which is highly curable when caught early.
The Recommended Frequency for Testicular Self-Examinations
Health organizations, including the American Cancer Society and the Testicular Cancer Foundation, generally recommend that men perform a testicular self-examination once a month. This consistent frequency is key because it allows you to become familiar with the normal size, shape, and feel of your testicles, making it easier to notice any subtle changes that might occur over time.
The best time to perform a TSE is usually during or immediately after a warm shower or bath. The warmth relaxes the scrotal skin, making it easier to feel for anything unusual. Incorporating it into your monthly routine, perhaps on the first day of each month or a specific date you can easily remember, helps ensure regularity.
Step-by-Step Guide to a Testicular Self-Examination
Performing a TSE is straightforward and takes only a few minutes:
- Examine One Testicle at a Time: Gently cup one testicle in the palm of your hand.
- Roll Between Fingers: Use both hands, placing your thumbs on top and your index and middle fingers underneath. Gently roll the testicle between your fingers. You should feel a smooth, firm, egg-shaped organ.
- Locate the Epididymis: Feel for the epididymis, a soft, rope-like structure located at the back of the testicle. This is where sperm mature.
- Feel the Vas Deferens: Just above the epididymis, you’ll feel the vas deferens, a tube that carries sperm.
- Repeat for the Other Testicle: Perform the same examination on the other testicle. It’s normal for one testicle to be slightly larger or hang lower than the other.
What to Look For During a TSE
During your self-examination, be mindful of any of the following changes:
- A painless lump or swelling in either testicle. This is the most common symptom of testicular cancer.
- Any change in the size or shape of a testicle.
- A feeling of heaviness in the scrotum.
- A dull ache in the groin or lower abdomen.
- Sudden collection of fluid in the scrotum.
- Pain or discomfort in a testicle or the scrotum.
It’s important to remember that most lumps or changes are not cancerous. Conditions like cysts, infections, or benign growths are far more common. However, any new or unusual finding should always be evaluated by a healthcare professional.
When to Consult a Doctor
If you discover any lump, swelling, pain, or other changes during your self-examination, it’s crucial to contact your doctor or a urologist as soon as possible. Do not wait for symptoms to worsen or for your next routine check-up. While many changes are benign, only a medical professional can provide an accurate diagnosis. Early diagnosis significantly improves treatment outcomes, especially for testicular cancer.
Performing testicular self-examinations monthly is a simple, proactive step men can take to safeguard their health. It empowers you to be an active participant in your well-being and ensures that any potential issues are identified and addressed promptly. Make it a regular part of your health routine, and don’t hesitate to seek medical advice for any concerns.
